August 29, 2011

Smart Food Choices Key to a Healthy Barbeque

Choosing healthy foods to barbeque -- and even barbequing with marinades instead of high-fat sauces -- can help reduce your risk of heart disease as well as stroke, experts say.
Many common barbeque favorites, such as pork, ribs and even corn on the cob, are often slathered with rich sauces that are high in calories, fats and salt. There are, however, healthier ways to barbeque that are also delicious, according to Dr. Vivienne Halpern, a member of the Society for Vascular Surgery.
"Grilling lean meats and vegetables without heavy sauces are wonderful for the barbeque," explained Halpern in a society news release. "These can become your family's new favorites." A fresh salad and watermelon for dessert will make the meal complete, she suggested.
When firing up the grill, instead of barbequing hot dogs and hamburgers, Halpern suggested choosing lean proteins that are lower in fat, calories and cholesterol, such as chicken, fish, turkey, sirloin, turkey, buffalo or veggie burgers. Halpern also pointed out that olive oil-based marinades and lemon juice are healthier ways to add flavor to grilled meats and vegetables.
"It's true that we are what we eat," added Halpern. "Our food choices affect our caloric intake, cholesterol and sodium."
Halpern's recommendations underscore the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, created by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The guidelines urge Americans to eat more of the following:
  • Fruits and vegetables
  • Whole grains
  • Low-fat milk products
  • Lean meats, beans, eggs, nuts
  • Fish
  • Foods low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt, and added sugar
Americans can also control their blood pressure and cholesterol, Halpern added, with moderate exercise (such as walking 30 minutes each day), not smoking and maintaining a healthy body weight.
-- Mary Elizabeth Dallas
Copyright © 2011 HealthDay. All rights reserved.
SOURCE: Society for Vascular Surgery, news release, Aug. 1, 2011

August 15, 2011

Girls Night Out: How to Keep Your Diet On Track, When Your Friends Indulge

Your boyfriend offers you a gargantuan bowl of his butter-soaked fettuccine alfredo. Your friends hand you a fork and beg you to share the chocolate tower truffle cake at the Cheesecake Factory.

It's tough to stick to a healthy eating plan when those around you are indulging. It's even tougher when they're bent on making sure you indulge, too. But don't stress it. These eight tricks will help you stay on track without alienating the not-so-healthy eaters in your life. Heck, you may even inspire them to join your cause.

1. Go on, take a bite.
Indulgence loves company, so expect a guilt trip if you pass on a temptation your friends gave in to. Make it easy on yourself, then: Pick up your fork and have a small piece of whatever is being served.

If you say, "I'm stuffed, but this looks so delicious I can't pass up a bite," you'll avoid peer pressure by turning the situation around-you're indulging, not depriving yourself. And you won't make your friends feel bad by rebuffing their generosity. Besides, one bite of dessert won't make a dent in your diet, says Lacie Peterson, a registered dietitian with the University of Utah.

2. Create a diversion.
Can't enjoy a bite without whetting your appetite for the whole cake? You needn't explain why you're skipping dessert -- just divert attention from your pass. As the serving dish goes around, strike up an amusing conversation or excuse yourself to make a phone call. Better yet, bring along a bag of almonds and say you're craving a handful of those instead. Again, you'll put others at ease by having a treat along with them.

By creating a distraction, you'll fare better, too: Making a fuss over food restraint often intensifies cravings, which can lead to overeating, according to a 2005 University of Toronto study.

3. Serve yourself.
You can still stick to your healthy eating streak while having what others are having-just adjust your portions. Fill half your plate with fruit or vegetables, a quarter with meat or protein, and a quarter with starches like potatoes or bread, Peterson suggests. Bonus if you can swap starchy carbs for whole-grain pasta, rice, or bread.

If you can't prepare your own plate, there's nothing wrong with asking the server for smaller portions. In the end, though, it might be better to stray from your diet once than offend the host by eating nothing more than a dry turkey shaving and a spoonful of peas.

4. Monitor your pace.
In group settings, it's easy to get caught up in an eating frenzy, subconsciously matching others plate-for-plate. You can prevent gorging by filling up a little beforehand, says trainer Mark Verstegen, director of performance for the NFL Players Association and founder of the website Core Performance. "Make sure you arrive hydrated and have a small snack like a handful of almonds, or a banana with peanut butter, so you aren't [as] hungry," he says.

Watch out for drinks, too. "Cocktails can pack up to 500 calories a glass," says Verstegen. At the bar, sip slowly or alternate between high-calorie beverages and water. If your friends catch you empty-handed while they're drinking, they'll likely order another round.

5. Praise healthy dishes.
You might think you're being a polite dinner guest by saying you wish you could have some of that creamy artichoke dip. But it's better to leave diet sabotage out of the conversation. It can make the cook feel bad about preparing food his or her guests can't eat. Instead, shift your focus to the fresh fruit salad or the presentation of a low-fat dish.

By treating healthier items like indulgences, the host may be more inclined to foist those on you-or at least let you off the hook when it's time for dessert.

6. Share your diet details respectfully.
You feel great since you started eating healthier, and naturally you want to share that with others. But if your friends aren't ready to assess their eating habits, pushing them to avoid foods loaded with fat, salt, and sugar could feel like an ambush. Smugly waving food away with an, "I don't eat that garbage," or "Do you know what's in that?" might actually make them redouble their efforts to sway you.

If you don't want to be hassled about your eating choices, don't put your friends on the spot either. Wait until they express interest in your diet. Then humbly share the details.

7. Schedule an activity.
Don't let food be the centerpiece of a social gathering, advises psychologist Susan Albers, author of Eat, Drink and Be Mindful. Get-togethers are often focused on eating, and if you're distracted, nervous, or simply basking in how much you're enjoying yourself, you'll probably get carried away.

Albers suggests bringing a board game or some photos to a dinner party. Going for a walk after the meal is another good way to shift the focus away from the table. And you might sidestep the dessert dilemma altogether.

8. Prepare to be firm.
If you have a habit of caving in when pressured by your friends, make sure you're not sending mixed messages. Come prepared with a game plan that defines in your mind what you'll eat and how you'll respond to temptation. This way, they won't interpret your hesitation as a cue to push the chips and dip your way.

It's also helpful to guard against common diet saboteurs, including sleep deprivation, stress, and proximity to unhealthy food options, Albers says.

Bottom line: If friends are pressuring you to indulge, it's probably because they want you to enjoy yourself. The best way to respond is to keep the dialogue positive. Rather than saying you can't or shouldn't have something, say you aren't hungry or it's not your favorite. They can't argue with that.

By Chelsea Bush for U.S.News. Chelsea Bush writes for AskFitnessCoach, a site that promotes a down-to-earth approach to fitness and weight loss. Orginal article.

August 8, 2011

Are The Calorie Counts On Exercise Machines Accurate?

Probably not, as the reality is each manufacturer uses their own patented algorithms that take into account the workload and duration of the exercise. Some equipment manufacturers do research to validate these formulas on a number of subjects. The higher-end the machine, the more likely it is to use a validated formula. A newer version of the same machine might even have a different formula in an attempt to improve its accuracy (if you have an older model and want to make sure you’re using the most updated formula, you can call the manufacturer who might be able to walk you through the upgrade over the phone).

Some formulas are based on the principle that during exercise, heart rate has a linear relationship with oxygen consumption, which can be easily converted to determine the number of calories burned. However, heart rate is influenced by a number of things such as temperature, body position, food intake, muscle groups exercised, some medications, and whether the exercise is continuous or intermittent.

Ellipticals usually use a formula for walking but may be set up on a formula for biking. This discrepancy often throws off the measurements from one elliptical to another. Treadmills have been around longer and therefore these algorithms have been validated on more subjects, so they’re more likely to be accurate. Ellipticals tend to err on the high side and can be as much as 20-30% off.

Some manufacturers claim that their machines burn more calories than treadmills due to the involvement of the upper body. It is true that the more muscle mass that’s involved, the higher the oxygen requirement and the caloric burn—up to a point. There is a limit to the body’s ability to deliver oxygen. Combining upper and lower body exercise may exceed the body’s ability to pump blood to the working muscles so the oxygen consumption may actually be lower than using the lower body alone. And adding the arm movement to an exercise may make it feel more difficult so it can’t be sustained as long, meaning fewer calories are burned. Running uphill on a treadmill is going to produce the highest amount of oxygen consumption for most people. Manufacturers who claim that their equipment burns more calories per minute aren’t giving you the full story. Their unscientific “studies” may have used a very easy speed on the treadmill and a high setting on their piece of equipment. This “research” probably won’t be found in a reputable, peer-reviewed scientific journal if it’s found at all.

Aside from workload and duration, there are other variables that affect the caloric expenditure that aren’t accounted for in these algorithms. For example, body size will make a difference. A larger person will burn more calories per minute on a given exercise at the same intensity because they have a bigger mass to move. Also, the speed at which walking becomes running varies from person to person depending on body size, leg length, stride length and normal walking pace. Speeds between 3.7 and 5.0 mph on a treadmill fall around this threshold where walking becomes running, so caloric expenditure is difficult to predict in this range.

Body fat percentage and fitness level can also make a difference. A person with a greater percentage of lean muscle mass will burn more calories at a given intensity. The person’s fitness level is also a factor as beginners are less efficient and therefore will burn more calories doing the same exercise than someone who does it regularly. The type of exercise has an effect because these formulas work better for steady-state submaximal exercise than they do for interval-type workouts or high-intensity (anaerobic) exercise. Also, if the user holds the handrails of a machine the caloric expenditure will be greatly overestimated since this reduces the actual work being performed.

So even if the readings are not exactly accurate, they are reasonable approximations that can be used as a general guideline to estimate your caloric burn. They can be useful in comparing your workouts over time using the same piece of equipment. To increase your caloric expenditure, progressively increase the duration of your exercise, increase the speed or intensity, and vary the type of cardio equipment that you use.

By Julia Valentour
Copyright© 2011 The American Council on Exercise. All Rights Reserved

Have an exercise, fitness or healthy living question that you’ve been wanting to ask? Send your questions to AskTheExpert@acefitness.org and it may be featured in our weekly blog post.
Original article: http://www.acefitness.org/blog/1571/?DCMP=RSSask-the-expert